Chimney



(No Model.)

A. LEMKE. GHIMNBY.

Paatented Nov. 9, 1897. \\;\,D,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLPH LEMKE, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

CHIMNEY.

SPECIFICATION forming pare of Letters Patent No. 593,303, dated November 9, 1897. Application filed March 29, 1897. Serial No. 629,653. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ADOLPH LEMKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new'and useful Improvements in Chimneys; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has for its object to provide an absolutely Iireproof chimney or stack for use in dwellings or other buildings.

To those who have given attention to the subject, it is well known that a large percentage of the res in buildings originate from defective chimneys or flues. The ordinary brick or other masonry chimney is not reliably fireproof. Under the unequal expansion and contraction due to the wide range in temperatures to which the chimney is liable and the presence or absence of frost or moisture in the walls, the brick will crack and the mortar will break or crumble. The result is that cracks or openings through the chimney almost inevitably occur in a shorttime after use. This is especially liable to be the case when the chimney itself takes iire on account of the accumulated soot therein. One of the principal causes which produces these cracks or openings is the vapor which accumulates in various openings behind the chimney, producing conned pressure, which can only escape by a breakage in some of the surrounding walls. My invention has forits object to overcome all these defects by the production of a chimney or stack which is reliably and absolutely fireproof.

To these ends my invention consists of the novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described, and defined in the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein, like letters referring to like parts throughout the several views- Figure l is a perspective view with some parts broken away, illustrating the preferred form of my improved chimney or stack. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line x2 x2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the lower part of the chimney or stack on the line x3 m3 of and an outside or protecting stack, with the two members so related as to afford airways between the two when in working position. Both members are made up of sections of fireclay tiling. The sections of the inside member are marked on the drawings with the reference-letters a a2, dac., and the sections of the outside member are marked with the reference-letters b' b2, dac., counting from the base members upward. The sections of the inside member are preferably made of circular form in cross-section and the sections of the outside member are preferably made of rectangular form in cross section, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 5 of the drawings. In virtue of these relative shapes air ways or spaces c will be afforded at the corners between the inside members and the outside members when the said members are in working position in respect to each other. The sections of both members are provided with mortises f at one end and tenons f at the other for connecting the adjacent sections with a tight joint. The tenons f are metallic, being preferably made of wrought-iron. The joints between the sections are also sealed with fire-clay cement when the sections are put together. The sections of the inner member are bound together against endwise displacement by staple-like metallic keepers h, adapted to lap the joints and to be driven into the bodies of the bound sections. These keepers h are located in such positions 4as to abut against the inside surfaces of the'walls'of the outer member and be thereby held from displacement. The sections of the outer member are united by staple-like keepers Zc,which lap the joints and extend through the walls of the bound sections and secured from displacement by nuts lo', engaging the threaded stems of said staple-like keepers.

IOO

The two stack members are provided with a common cap p with double walls at its lower portion for coperation with the adjacent sections of the inner and outer stack in the same way as the other sections of the respective stacks, with the exception that the airways p therein converge inward and tap'the outlet-opening p2 of the cap, as clearly shown in Fig. 4.

The lower sections ct and b', respectively, of the two stacks differ in certain details from the intermediate sections, as required for adaptation to catch and remove the soot and ashes from the stack. For this purpose the base-section d of the inner stack is provided with a series of radial openings r r', of which the member r is of larger size than the members r. Directly opposite the radial hole Y or opening r in the base-section ce of the inside stack the base-section b of the outside stack is provided with a similar opening r2, which is coveredby a suitable door r3. Inside the base-section a' of the inside stack is preferably located an ash bucket or receptacle r4, lprovided with a series of pivoted slides r5 near its bottom and directly opposite the radial openings r in the stack-section a', and also provided' with an opening T5, directly in line with the openings r and 'r2 in the stack members a and h', respectively. The valves T5 are normally closed, but may be opened whenever it is desired to reach through the radial holes 'r for cleaning out the lower ends of the airways c in case any soot should accumulate therein. It is of course obvious that access may be had to the ash bucket or receptacle r4 through said passages r' and r2 in the stack members a and h when the door r3 is opened.

At t in Figs. 1 and 2 is shown a thimble Worked through suitable coincident holes in the two stacks for the application of a iluepipe. When such a thimble is applied, the joint between the same and the stack mem bers is sealed with fire-clay cement.

The two stack members are built up concurrently step by step. Otherwise stated, the base member a of the inside stack, or the base member b of the outside stack, as preferred, vis first located. Then the second member 'a2 of the inside stack is applied in position on the base member a', the keepers 7L having been previously attached at their lower ends to the base member a' and sprung or bent outward sufficiently far to permit the second section a2 to be jointed to said base-section a. The upper ends of said keepers h are then bent inward and driven into the said section The second section b2 of the outside stack is then slipped over the second section a2 of the inside stack, and the binding-keepers lo are applied and made fast by the nuts 7c. These steps are repeated over and over again in substantially the same order until the stack is completed.

From the foregoing description it is obvious that my improved stackis made up of reproof material throughout, that the joints between the sections of both stacks are lapped by the joint irons or tenons f and are sealed with nre-clay cement, that the sections are bound together against endwise displacement by metallic keepers, and that the two stack members are so related as to aord airways c between the two stacks, extending their entire length from base to cap and uniting at their tops with the outlet p2 in the cap p of the chimney. In virtue of this construction it is hardly possible for the inside or smoke stack to become seriously aected with frost or moisture, and Whatever amount of sweat-V ing therefrom may occur cannot result in the cracking of the same, for the reason that the l airways c between the two stacks aford a ready outlet for the vapors therefrom. In virtue of the fact that the inside stack touches the walls of the outside' stack at the tangente thereto it is obvious that the inside stackwill vbe firmly braced and held in its upright po sition by the outside stack. The outside stack in virtue of its shape will be very firm and solid. solutely free from any racking strains, except such as might aect the outside stack, which is something that would be dilicultto do. It is thought, therefore, that the improved chimney herein disclosed is absolutely fireproof under any and all conditions. No difference how great or sudden the change in temperature might be cracks or openings could hardly occur on account of the airjacket between the two stacks and the outlets afforded for the vapors by the airways c. If the chimney should take iire on account of the accumulated soot therein, the same could do no damage below the outlet .of the .chim- Hence the inside stack will be abney, for the reason that the fire would be con fined within the inside stack and could by no possibility heat the outside stack sufficiently to crack or break the same or set fire to any part of the building through which the outside stack passes. The airways c will aiord so much relief to any hot air between the two IIO stacks .that the outside stack could hardlybe broken by any degree of heat within the inside stack.

It should be further noted that the improved chimney above described is cheaper to make and more speedily built than the ordinary masonry chimney.

It will be understood that the details of the construction might be varied without departf l ing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows: 1. A reproof chimney or stack, made up of inside and outside members or sections, l

one class of which is round and the other class of which is square or polygonal in crossfsection, which sections are built lup one class inside of the other, with contact at certain points and vertical air-passages betweenthe same, substantially as described.

2. In a double stack or chimney having arways between the two, an ash bucket or receptacle at the bottom of the inside stack and openings through the two stacks for access to said bucket, substantially as described.

3. In a double chimney or stack, having airways between the two, an ash bucket or receptacle in the base-section of the inside stack having valves covering radial passages leading to said air-passages, and coincident openings in the base-sections of both stacks, for affording access to said ash-bucket, and a door controlling said opening, all substantially as described.

4:. A ireproof chimney or stack made up of inside and outside hollow members or sec- AD OLPH LEMKE.

W'itnesses:

JAS. F. WILLIAMSON, B. B. NELSON. 

